Radiation therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of head and neck cancers, helping to shrink tumors, destroy cancer cells, and improve patient outcomes. At Action Cancer Hospital, one of the leading centers for head and neck cancer treatment, patients receive comprehensive, state-of-the-art care in a compassionate and personalized environment.
Whether you or a loved one has recently been diagnosed, or you’re preparing for treatment, understanding what to expect during radiation therapy can help reduce anxiety and empower you with knowledge. In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know—from the treatment planning process to side effects and aftercare.
Understanding Head & Neck Cancer
Head and neck cancers typically begin in the squamous cells that line the moist surfaces inside the head and neck—such as the mouth, throat, nose, and larynx. These cancers can be aggressive and are often treated using a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Radiation therapy is especially vital for tumors that are difficult to remove surgically or are located near critical organs and nerves.
What Is Radiation Therapy?
Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or other particles to destroy cancer cells. The goal is to target cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue as much as possible. Radiation can be delivered in different ways, including:
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External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT): The most common method, where a machine directs radiation beams at the tumor.
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Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT): An advanced form of EBRT that adjusts the intensity of the radiation beams for precise targeting.
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Proton Therapy: A newer technique that uses protons rather than X-rays and is highly effective in reducing damage to surrounding tissues.
At Action Cancer Hospital, radiation oncologists use IMRT and other advanced technologies to deliver highly customized treatments.
Who Needs Radiation Therapy for Head & Neck Cancer?
Radiation therapy may be used:
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As a primary treatment for tumors that are hard to reach surgically.
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After surgery, to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
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Alongside chemotherapy for more aggressive or advanced cancers.
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To relieve symptoms like pain or difficulty swallowing in palliative care.
Each treatment plan is personalized depending on the location, stage, and type of cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.
Before Treatment Begins: Consultation and Planning
1. Meeting Your Oncology Team
Your journey begins with a consultation at a specialized center like Action Cancer Hospital, where you'll meet with:
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Radiation oncologists
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Medical physicists
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Radiation therapists
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Nurses and dietitians
They'll review your medical history, imaging tests (CT, MRI, PET scans), and biopsy results to create a tailored plan.
2. Simulation and Mapping
Next is a simulation session. During this procedure:
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You’ll lie on a treatment table in the exact position you’ll be during therapy.
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A custom mask may be made to keep your head still.
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A CT scan helps map out the exact location of the tumor and surrounding organs.
This process ensures precise targeting of radiation to minimize damage to healthy tissue.
What Happens During Radiation Therapy Sessions?
1. Daily Treatments
Radiation therapy is usually given once a day, five days a week, for several weeks (typically 6–7 weeks). Each session lasts 10–30 minutes, although the radiation exposure itself only takes a few minutes.
2. What You’ll Experience
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You’ll be asked to lie on a table wearing your custom mask.
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The radiation machine (called a linear accelerator) will rotate around you.
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It’s painless—you won’t feel or see the radiation.
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You’ll hear buzzing or clicking sounds during the process.
A radiation therapist will monitor you from another room but can communicate through a microphone.
Common Side Effects of Radiation Therapy for Head & Neck Cancer
While radiation therapy is effective, it can cause side effects due to its impact on nearby healthy tissues.
1. Fatigue
Most patients experience general tiredness, which can worsen over the course of treatment. Adequate rest and nutrition can help manage it.
2. Skin Changes
The treated area may become red, dry, or irritated—similar to a sunburn. Moisturizing creams and gentle skin care are usually recommended.
3. Sore Throat and Mouth Sores
Radiation can irritate the mouth and throat lining, causing painful sores or difficulty swallowing. This is one of the most common side effects.
4. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)
Damage to the salivary glands can lead to persistent dryness, affecting speech, taste, and digestion. Drinking fluids and using special mouthwashes can provide relief.
5. Taste Changes
Foods may taste different or have no flavor at all. Taste usually returns after treatment ends, but not always fully.
6. Hoarseness and Voice Changes
When the larynx is affected, radiation may temporarily alter your voice.
7. Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)
Radiation may cause inflammation in the esophagus or throat, making swallowing uncomfortable.
8. Risk of Infections
Because your immune response might weaken, you may be more prone to oral infections or thrush.
How to Manage Side Effects
1. Nutritional Support
A dietitian at Action Cancer Hospital can help you maintain nutrition with soft, high-calorie foods or suggest liquid supplements.
2. Oral Care Routine
Good oral hygiene is critical. Brush gently with a soft toothbrush, rinse with baking soda solution, and avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes.
3. Staying Hydrated
Drink plenty of water and use artificial saliva products if needed.
4. Pain Management
Doctors may prescribe pain relievers or special mouth rinses to help ease discomfort.
Emotional Support During Radiation Therapy
Facing cancer treatment can be emotionally overwhelming. It’s completely normal to feel anxious, depressed, or fearful. That’s why psychological counseling and support groups are part of holistic care at Action Cancer Hospital.
Family involvement, meditation, gentle exercise, and connecting with other patients can also ease emotional stress.
After Treatment: Recovery and Follow-Up Care
1. Gradual Recovery
Most side effects peak towards the end of treatment and may persist for a few weeks afterward. Your body needs time to heal.
2. Follow-Up Appointments
Regular checkups with your radiation oncologist ensure that:
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Your body is recovering well
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Side effects are under control
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There’s no recurrence of cancer
3. Speech and Swallowing Therapy
In some cases, rehabilitation specialists may help you regain normal speech and swallowing functions.
4. Dental and ENT Care
Radiation may increase the risk of dental issues. Ongoing care with dentists and ENT specialists is important.
Why Choose Action Cancer Hospital for Head & Neck Cancer Treatment?
Action Cancer Hospital in Delhi stands out as a top-rated head and neck cancer treatment hospital due to:
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Highly experienced oncologists
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Advanced radiation technologies like IMRT
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Multidisciplinary cancer care teams
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Personalized treatment plans
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On-site support services including nutrition, rehabilitation, and counseling
Patients at Action Cancer Hospital receive not just expert medical care, but also holistic healing and support throughout their cancer journey.
Conclusion: What You Should Know Before Starting Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer is a highly effective treatment option that can improve survival and quality of life. While the journey may come with side effects and emotional challenges, knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared and confident.
With the right care team—like the experts at Action Cancer Hospital—and a strong support system, you can navigate treatment with strength and clarity.
If you or a loved one is facing a diagnosis of head or neck cancer, reach out to Action Cancer Hospital to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward healing.
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